Okamoto Ken
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School.
Nihon Rinsho. 2008 Apr;66(4):748-53.
Inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase decrease production of uric acid, thus they act as hypouricemic drugs. Allopurinol, a prototypical xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, has been widely prescribed for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. However, severe side effects of allopurinol may occur in patients with renal insufficiency. Recently, novel nonpurine selective inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase have been developed as potential alternatives to allopurinol. They have different inhibition mechanisms, utilizing the enzyme structure and the reaction mechanism. Such variation of the inhibition mechanism affects/in vivo/hypouricemic effects of the inhibitors.
黄嘌呤氧化还原酶抑制剂可降低尿酸生成，因此可作为降尿酸药物。别嘌醇作为典型的黄嘌呤氧化还原酶抑制剂，已被广泛用于治疗痛风和高尿酸血症。然而，肾功能不全患者使用别嘌醇可能会出现严重副作用。最近，新型非嘌呤类黄嘌呤氧化还原酶选择性抑制剂已被开发出来，作为别嘌醇的潜在替代品。它们具有不同的抑制机制，利用了酶的结构和反应机制。这种抑制机制的差异会影响抑制剂的体内降尿酸效果。
