Voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) subunit expression of the guinea pig spiral ganglion cells studied in a newly developed cochlear free-floating preparation.

The spiral ganglion accommodates the cell bodies of the acoustic nerve fibres connecting the hair cells to the central nervous system. As the ionic channels containing various voltage-gated K+ channel (Kv) subunits play pivotal roles in determining the functional properties and firing behaviour of the spiral ganglion cells (SGCs), every piece of information concerning the Kv expression of the SGCs is valuable. In the present work a comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis was performed to describe the expression of 9 Kv subunits in the guinea pig cochlea on traditional wax-embedded sections as well as employing a newly developed preparation that allowed confocal analysis, reconstruction of the three-dimensional appearance and precise morphological characterisation of the SGCs. Besides determining their Kv expression patterns, differences between type I and type II SGCs were sought. SGCs showed positivity for 8 out of the 9 Kv subunit-specific antibodies with varying intensity and proportion of the immunopositive cells; whereas no obvious Kv3.2 positivity could be noted. Type I and type II cells demonstrated similar expression patterns for all subunits tested, with the exception of Kv1.2, whose presence was confirmed in only 50% of the type II cells. Although the present findings suggest that type I and type II cells do not differ fundamentally in the Kv subunits they possess; they also imply that SGCs may not form a homogeneous cell population, and might provide explanation of the previously noted heterogeneity of the membrane properties of the SGCs.