Cassenti Daniel N, Carlson Richard A
The Pennsylvania State University, USA.
Am J Psychol. 2008 Spring;121(1):57-81.
Event counting provides a laboratory paradigm for studying types and causes of error in routine activity. Experiment 1 demonstrated that as more time per event is allowed, counting errors typically are undercounts, then overcounts as the time per event is extended to approximately 3 s. Experiments 2 and 3 examined 2 possible causes of this phenomenon, forgetting and confusions due to overrehearsal of the next number to be used. These findings demonstrate that overcount errors during event counting are reduced by working memory loads, which may result from a lower ability to rehearse the current total. Implications for theoretical accounts of goal representation, control, and error monitoring are discussed.
事件计数为研究日常活动中的错误类型和原因提供了一种实验室范式。实验1表明，随着每个事件允许的时间增加，计数错误通常先是少计，然后当每个事件的时间延长到大约3秒时会多计。实验2和实验3研究了这种现象的两个可能原因，即遗忘以及由于过度排练下一个要使用的数字而产生的混淆。这些发现表明，工作记忆负荷会减少事件计数过程中的多计错误，这可能是由于复述当前总数的能力较低所致。文中讨论了这些发现对目标表征、控制和错误监测的理论解释的影响。
