Iide Kazuhide, Imamura Hiroyuki, Yoshimura Yoshitaka, Yamashita Asuka, Miyahara Keiko, Miyamoto Noriko, Moriwaki Chinatsu
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Strength Cond Res. 2008 May;22(3):839-44. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816a5af6.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the duration of each series of offensive and defensive techniques and the cardiovascular, metabolic, and perceptual responses during 2- and 3-minute bouts of simulated karate sparring. Six young men (age, 18-20 years) and 6 boys (age, 16-17 years) participated in this study. We formed 3 pairs of men and 3 pairs of boys to create a demanding competitive environment. After a rest period, each pair performed a 2-minute bout of sparring, sat quietly for 60 minutes, and then performed 3-minute bout of sparring. We measured oxygen uptake (Vo2), heart rate (HR), and blood lactate responses and ascertained the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and energy expenditure (EE) during these sparring bouts. The ventilatory threshold was estimated from ventilatory equivalent and Vo2 obtained during the treadmill test. The duration of each series of offensive and defensive techniques was videotaped. During the 2- and 3-minute bouts of sparring, the duration of longest series of offensive and/or defensive combination techniques performed were 2.1 +/- 1.0 and 1.8 +/- 0.4 seconds, respectively; the mean total times of performing offensive and defensive techniques were 13.3 +/- 3.3 and 19.4 +/- 5.5 seconds, respectively. The mean oxygen uptake (Vo2), the percentage of maximum oxygen uptake (%Vo2max), HR, percentage of maximum HR, RPE, and EE for a 3-minute bout of sparring were significantly higher than for a 2-minute bout of sparring. The mean %Vo2max values for these bouts of sparring were below the ventilatory threshold. It is recommended that karate practitioners perform more specific weight training, plyometric exercises, and interval training to increase the ability to buffer acid muscle and blood concentrations and to build lean body mass, strength, and power to develop the specific motor skills required in sparring.
本研究的目的是调查在2分钟和3分钟的模拟空手道对练回合中，每一系列攻防技术的持续时间以及心血管、代谢和感知反应。6名年轻男性（年龄18 - 20岁）和6名男孩（年龄16 - 17岁）参与了本研究。我们组成了3对男性和3对男孩，以营造一个具有挑战性的竞争环境。在休息一段时间后，每对进行2分钟的对练回合，安静地坐60分钟，然后进行3分钟的对练回合。我们测量了摄氧量（Vo2）、心率（HR）和血乳酸反应，并确定了这些对练回合中的主观用力程度（RPE）和能量消耗（EE）。通气阈值是根据在跑步机测试中获得的通气当量和Vo2估算的。每一系列攻防技术的持续时间都被录像。在2分钟和3分钟的对练回合中，最长的一系列进攻和/或防守组合技术的持续时间分别为2.1 +/- 1.0秒和1.8 +/- 0.4秒；进攻和防守技术的平均总执行时间分别为13.3 +/- 3.3秒和19.4 +/- 5.5秒。3分钟对练回合的平均摄氧量（Vo2）、最大摄氧量百分比（%Vo2max）、心率、最大心率百分比、主观用力程度（RPE）和能量消耗（EE）显著高于2分钟对练回合。这些对练回合的平均%Vo2max值低于通气阈值。建议空手道练习者进行更具针对性的重量训练、增强式练习和间歇训练，以提高缓冲肌肉和血液中酸浓度的能力，并增加瘦体重、力量和功率，从而发展对练中所需的特定运动技能。
