Antas P R Z, Castello-Branco L R R
Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Jul;102(7):628-30. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.03.014. Epub 2008 Apr 28.
The current tuberculosis (TB) vaccine Mycobacterium bovis BCG has been employed for some 70 years in Brazil and lessons from its use should be taken in account for the development or improvement of new TB vaccines. The vast majority of the current population has been vaccinated with BCG, with the possible requirement for a booster immunisation in adulthood for TB protection. BCG Moreau strain also protects against leprosy, meningitis and extrapulmonary forms of TB. Factors related to differences in strain, dosage and BCG administering protocol have been responsible for the variable efficacy of BCG. This vaccine is clearly affected by, as yet unclear, host and/or environmental variables. In this brief review, we describe some aspects of BCG immunisation observed in Brazil that may be of importance for improving or replacing BCG.
目前的结核病疫苗卡介苗（牛分枝杆菌）在巴西已使用约70年，在开发或改进新型结核病疫苗时应考虑其使用经验。目前绝大多数人群已接种卡介苗，成年后可能需要进行加强免疫以预防结核病。卡介苗莫罗菌株还可预防麻风病、脑膜炎和肺外结核。与菌株、剂量和卡介苗接种方案差异相关的因素导致了卡介苗效力的差异。这种疫苗显然受到宿主和/或环境变量的影响，而这些变量尚不清楚。在这篇简短的综述中，我们描述了在巴西观察到的卡介苗免疫的一些方面，这些方面可能对改进或替代卡介苗很重要。
