Lin Chin-Teng, Chen Yu-Chieh, Huang Teng-Yi, Chiu Tien-Ting, Ko Li-Wei, Liang Sheng-Fu, Hsieh Hung-Yi, Hsu Shang-Hwa, Duann Jeng-Ren
Brain Research Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, ROC.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 May;55(5):1582-91. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2008.918566.
Biomedical signal monitoring systems have been rapidly advanced with electronic and information technologies in recent years. However, most of the existing physiological signal monitoring systems can only record the signals without the capability of automatic analysis. In this paper, we proposed a novel brain-computer interface (BCI) system that can acquire and analyze electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in real-time to monitor human physiological as well as cognitive states, and, in turn, provide warning signals to the users when needed. The BCI system consists of a four-channel biosignal acquisition/amplification module, a wireless transmission module, a dual-core signal processing unit, and a host system for display and storage. The embedded dual-core processing system with multitask scheduling capability was proposed to acquire and process the input EEG signals in real time. In addition, the wireless transmission module, which eliminates the inconvenience of wiring, can be switched between radio frequency (RF) and Bluetooth according to the transmission distance. Finally, the real-time EEG-based drowsiness monitoring and warning algorithms were implemented and integrated into the system to close the loop of the BCI system. The practical online testing demonstrates the feasibility of using the proposed system with the ability of real-time processing, automatic analysis, and online warning feedback in real-world operation and living environments.
近年来，随着电子和信息技术的发展，生物医学信号监测系统得到了迅速发展。然而，现有的大多数生理信号监测系统只能记录信号，而没有自动分析的能力。在本文中，我们提出了一种新型的脑机接口（BCI）系统，该系统可以实时采集和分析脑电图（EEG）信号，以监测人类的生理和认知状态，并在需要时向用户提供警告信号。该BCI系统由一个四通道生物信号采集/放大模块、一个无线传输模块、一个双核信号处理单元以及一个用于显示和存储的主机系统组成。我们提出了具有多任务调度能力的嵌入式双核处理系统，以实时采集和处理输入的EEG信号。此外，无线传输模块消除了布线的不便，可以根据传输距离在射频（RF）和蓝牙之间切换。最后，实现了基于EEG的实时嗜睡监测和警告算法，并将其集成到系统中，以闭合BCI系统的环路。实际的在线测试证明了所提出系统在实际操作和生活环境中具有实时处理、自动分析和在线警告反馈能力的可行性。
