[矛头蝮属、巨蝮属、响尾蛇属和珊瑚蛇属（蛇亚目：蝰蛇科和眼镜蛇科）蛇毒的溶血活性]

[Hemolytic activity of venoms from snakes of the genera Bothrop, Lachesis, Crotalus, and Micrurus (Serpentes: Viperidae and Elapidae].

作者信息

Martínez Cadillo E, Bonilla Ferreyra C, Zvealeta A

机构信息

Centro de Investigación en Salud Hugo Lumbreras Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú.

出版信息

Rev Biol Trop. 1991 Nov;39(2):311-4.

PMID:1844159

Abstract

Hemolytic activity of eight Peruvian snake venoms from the families Viperidae and Elapidae (Bothrops atrox, B. pictus, B. hyoprorus, B. bilineatus, B. neuwedii, Lachesis m. muta, Crotalus d. terrificus, Micrurus tschudi), and three Brazilian viperids (B. jararacussu, B. alternatus and C. d. collilineatus) is described. None of the venoms caused direct lysis on washed human erythrocytes. However, all of them caused indirect hemolysis provided that the incubation medium contains an exogenous source of lecithin. Venom of Micrurus tschudi was the most hemolytic (HD50 2.8 ug/ml) while that of B. bilineatus was the least (HD50 681.3 ug/ml). Only six of eleven venoms showed parallel curves of hemolytic activity, and the HD50 varied from 198 to 681 ug/ml and the following decreasing order of hemolytic activity was obtained: L. muta, C. d. terrificus, C. d. collilineatus, B. hyoprorus, B. bilineatus, B. alternatus.

摘要

描述了来自蝰蛇科和眼镜蛇科的8种秘鲁蛇毒（矛头蝮、饰纹矛头蝮、低地矛头蝮、双线矛头蝮、纳氏矛头蝮、巨蝮、中美珊瑚蛇、杜氏珊瑚蛇）以及3种巴西蝰蛇科蛇毒（巴西矛头蝮、变色矛头蝮和细纹矛头蝮）的溶血活性。这些毒液均未对洗涤后的人红细胞造成直接裂解。然而，只要孵育培养基中含有外源性卵磷脂来源，它们都会引起间接溶血。杜氏珊瑚蛇的毒液溶血活性最强（半数溶血剂量[HD50]为2.8微克/毫升），而双线矛头蝮的毒液溶血活性最弱（HD50为681.3微克/毫升）。11种毒液中只有6种呈现出平行的溶血活性曲线，HD50在198至681微克/毫升之间，溶血活性从高到低依次为：巨蝮、中美珊瑚蛇、细纹矛头蝮、低地矛头蝮、双线矛头蝮、变色矛头蝮。