Das K C, Garcia-Perez M, Bibens B, Melear N
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2008 Jun;43(7):714-24. doi: 10.1080/10934520801959864.
Accidental or prescribed fires in forests and in cultivated fields, as well as primitive charcoal production practices, are responsible for the release of large amounts of gases, char and condensable organic molecules into the environment. This paper describes the impact of condensable organic molecules and chars resulting from the slow pyrolysis of poultry litter, pine chips and pine pellets on the growth of microbial populations in soil and water. The proximate and elemental analyses as well as the content of proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash for each of these bio-materials are reported. The yields and some properties of char and condensable liquids are also documented. The behavior of microbial populations in soil and water is followed through respiration studies. It was found that biological activity was highest when aqueous fractions from poultry litter were applied in water. Cumulative oxygen consumption over a 120-h period was highest in the aqueous phases from poultry litter coarse fraction (1.82 mg/g). On average the oxygen consumption when oily fractions from poultry litter were applied represented 44 to 62% of that when aqueous fractions were applied. Pine chip and pine pellet derived liquids and chars produced respiration activity that were an order of magnitude lower than that of poultry litter liquid fractions. These results suggest that the growth observed is due to the effect of protein-derived molecules.
森林和耕地中的意外火灾或规定火灾，以及原始的木炭生产方式，都会导致大量气体、炭和可凝有机分子释放到环境中。本文描述了家禽粪便、松木屑和松木颗粒缓慢热解产生的可凝有机分子和炭对土壤和水中微生物种群生长的影响。报告了这些生物材料各自的近似分析、元素分析以及蛋白质、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素和灰分的含量。还记录了炭和可凝液体的产率及一些性质。通过呼吸研究追踪土壤和水中微生物种群的行为。结果发现，当将家禽粪便的水相部分施用于水中时，生物活性最高。在120小时内，家禽粪便粗分的水相中的累积耗氧量最高（1.82毫克/克）。平均而言，施加家禽粪便油相部分时的耗氧量占施加水相部分时耗氧量的44%至62%。松木屑和松木颗粒衍生的液体和炭产生的呼吸活性比家禽粪便液体部分低一个数量级。这些结果表明，观察到的生长是由于蛋白质衍生分子的作用。
