McCann Stewart J H
Department of Psychology, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 May;94(5):913-23. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.5.913.
On the basis of K. Stenner's (2005) authoritarian dynamic theory, it was hypothesized that the number of death sentences and executions would be higher in more threatened conservative states than in less threatened conservative states, and would be lower in more threatened liberal states than in less threatened liberal states. Threat was based on state homicide rate, violent crime rate, and non-White percentage of population. Conservatism was based on state voter ideological identification, Democratic and Republican Party elite liberalism-conservatism, policy liberalism-conservatism, religious fundamentalism, degree of economic freedom, and 2004 presidential election results. For 1977-2004, with controls for state population and years with a death penalty provision, the interactive hypothesis received consistent support using the state conservatism composite and voter ideological identification alone. As well, state conservatism was related to death penalties and executions, but state threat was not. The temporal stability of the findings was demonstrated with a split-half internal replication using the periods 1977-1990 and 1991-2004. The interactive hypothesis and the results also are discussed in the context of other threat-authoritarianism theories and terror management theory.
基于K. 斯滕纳（2005年）的威权动态理论，研究假设，在受到更多威胁的保守州，死刑判决和处决的数量会高于受到较少威胁的保守州，而在受到更多威胁的自由州，死刑判决和处决的数量会低于受到较少威胁的自由州。威胁程度基于州凶杀率、暴力犯罪率以及非白人人口比例。保守主义基于州选民的意识形态认同、民主党和共和党的精英自由主义—保守主义、政策自由主义—保守主义、宗教原教旨主义、经济自由程度以及2004年总统选举结果。在1977年至2004年期间，在控制了州人口数量以及有死刑规定的年份后，仅使用州保守主义综合指标和选民意识形态认同，交互假设就得到了一致支持。此外，州保守主义与死刑判决和处决有关，但州威胁程度与之无关。通过对1977年至1990年以及1991年至2004年这两个时间段进行内部重复检验，证明了研究结果的时间稳定性。还在其他威胁—威权主义理论和恐怖管理理论的背景下讨论了交互假设及研究结果。
