Siltala Juha
Department of Philosophy, History and Art Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Sociol. 2020 Apr 29;5:28. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2020.00028. eCollection 2020.
The prospect of the social backsliding of middle-class groups in western countries has not benefited the left but fueled right-wing populism. This article examines mediating and moderating factors between economic threat and political choices. The shift of liberals toward conservatism and the activation of passive authoritarians explain sudden changes more than dispositional factors. Attachment to groups under stress activates coalitional mindsets, and coalitional competition for scarce resources matches the conservative propensity to detect threats from outgroups. Risk-averse right-wing authoritarians should recoil from social-dominance oriented risk-takers but they follow winners despite their mutual differences concerning family values. Authoritarian aggression unites RWA and SDO, but politically passive right-wing authoritarians can also follow their economic interests, when these are not entangled with cultural values. Right-wing populists have been able to compensate economic insecurity with epistemic security. Identity politics supports the coherence of right-wing populist parties but divides leftist/liberal groups due to intersectional competition for victimhood.
西方国家中产阶级群体社会倒退的前景并未使左派受益，反而助长了右翼民粹主义。本文探讨了经济威胁与政治选择之间的中介和调节因素。自由派向保守派的转变以及被动威权主义者的激活，比性格因素更能解释突然的变化。在压力下对群体的依恋会激活联盟心态，而对稀缺资源的联盟竞争与保守派从外群体中察觉威胁的倾向相匹配。厌恶风险的右翼威权主义者应该会回避以社会主导为导向的冒险者，但尽管他们在家庭价值观上存在差异，他们还是会追随胜利者。威权主义攻击性将右翼威权主义和社会支配取向联系在一起，但政治上被动的右翼威权主义者在经济利益不与文化价值观纠缠时，也会追随自身的经济利益。右翼民粹主义者能够用认知安全来弥补经济上的不安全。身份政治支持右翼民粹主义政党的连贯性，但由于对受害者身份的交叉竞争，它分裂了左派/自由派群体。
