Shigeta Yuko, Enciso Reyes, Ogawa Takumi, Shintaku Werner H, Clark Glenn T
Orofacial Pain/Oral Medicine Center, Division of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sleep Breath. 2008 Nov;12(4):347-52. doi: 10.1007/s11325-008-0186-6. Epub 2008 Apr 30.
Most obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are overweight, and OSA is substantially more common in obese individuals. In morbidly obese patients, at least 70% suffer from OSA. However, the exact mechanism by which obesity causes OSA is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the retroglossal airway configuration quantitatively and to make clear the relationship between Body mass index (BMI) and airway configuration. This retrospective study included 15 OSA patients (male = 11; female = 4) and 14 normal controls (male = 8; female = 6). We studied the airway configuration on an axial slice at the level of the anterior-inferior corner of the second cervical vertebra. Maximum anterior-posterior diameter (AP) and lateral width (LW) of the airway were measured, and the square area (SA) was calculated. The airway cross-section area (AWA) was also measured, and then the AWA/SA ratio was calculated. AP, LW, and AWA were not statistically significantly different between controls and OSA patients. On the other hand, the AWA/SA ratio in OSA patients was 8.8% statistically significantly smaller than in controls after adjusting for sex, age, and BMI. In this sample, there was a negative correlation between age and the AWA/SA ratio but only in the OSA group. The AWA/SA ratio was significantly negatively correlated with OSA status (R = -0.5; p = 0.008) after adjusting for BMI and age. In this present study, we could evaluate the retroglossal airway configuration quantitatively. The AWA/SA ratio was correlated with OSA status after adjusting for BMI and age.
大多数阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者超重，且OSA在肥胖个体中更为常见。在病态肥胖患者中，至少70%患有OSA。然而，肥胖导致OSA的确切机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是定量评估舌后气道形态，并明确体重指数（BMI）与气道形态之间的关系。这项回顾性研究纳入了15例OSA患者（男性11例；女性4例）和14例正常对照者（男性8例；女性6例）。我们在第二颈椎前下角水平的轴位切片上研究气道形态。测量气道的最大前后径（AP）和左右径（LW），并计算截面积（SA）。还测量了气道横截面积（AWA），然后计算AWA/SA比值。对照组和OSA患者之间的AP、LW和AWA在统计学上无显著差异。另一方面，在调整性别、年龄和BMI后，OSA患者的AWA/SA比值在统计学上比对照组小8.8%。在该样本中，年龄与AWA/SA比值之间存在负相关，但仅在OSA组中。在调整BMI和年龄后，AWA/SA比值与OSA状态呈显著负相关（R = -0.5；p = 0.008）。在本研究中，我们能够定量评估舌后气道形态。在调整BMI和年龄后，AWA/SA比值与OSA状态相关。
