Gibbons Simon
Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK.
Planta Med. 2008 May;74(6):594-602. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1074518. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
This review covers some of the opportunities which currently exist to exploit plants for their natural products as templates for new antibacterial substances. This is a timely exercise given the continuing and developing problems of bacterial resistance, and in particular multidrug-resistance (MDR). Some of the challenges which are evident with bacterial resistance will be described and the strengths and weaknesses of plant natural products are highlighted. Opportunities to characterise antibacterial compounds from several key taxa are described with activity against methicillin-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA), MDR variants of this species and MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (MTB). These pathogens continue to cause problems in terms of their eradication and spread and MTB strains which are extremely-drug resistant (XDR) promise to afford an additional challenge for clinicians. The review also covers plant natural products that modulate or modify bacterial resistance. Specific examples include plant-derived efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) which inhibit bacterial antibiotic efflux mechanisms that are problematic due to their broadness in substrate specificity. A summary on future trends and directions in this fruitful and interesting area is also given.
本综述涵盖了目前利用植物天然产物作为新型抗菌物质模板的一些机会。鉴于细菌耐药性问题持续存在且不断发展，尤其是多重耐药性（MDR）问题，这是一项及时的工作。将描述细菌耐药性方面一些明显的挑战，并突出植物天然产物的优缺点。还描述了从几个关键分类群中鉴定抗菌化合物的机会，这些化合物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、该物种的多重耐药变体以及结核分枝杆菌（MTB）具有活性。这些病原体在根除和传播方面继续造成问题，而极端耐药（XDR）的MTB菌株有望给临床医生带来额外挑战。该综述还涵盖了调节或改变细菌耐药性的植物天然产物。具体例子包括植物来源的外排泵抑制剂（EPI），它们抑制细菌抗生素外排机制，由于其底物特异性广泛，这些机制存在问题。此外，还给出了这个富有成果且有趣领域未来趋势和方向的总结。
