Verghese E T, Hanby A M, Speirs V, Hughes T A
Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK.
J Pathol. 2008 Jul;215(3):214-21. doi: 10.1002/path.2359.
MicroRNAs are a recently discovered class of small regulatory RNAs that influence the stability and translational efficiency of target mRNAs. They have been implicated in an increasing number of biological processes, including neoplasia. Recent studies have shown an involvement for these regulatory molecules in breast cancer. For example, miRNA profiling studies have identified microRNAs that are deregulated in breast cancer. Furthermore, functional studies have uncovered their roles in breast cancer as both tumour suppressor genes (eg miR-335) and oncogenes (eg miR-21). miRNAs deregulated in breast cancer influence the translational regulation of well-established regulatory molecules, such as oestrogen receptor-alpha, which is regulated by miR-206, and novel cancer-related molecules whose functions are not yet fully understood.. Here we present an overview of our current understanding of miRNA in breast cancer.
微小RNA是最近发现的一类小调控RNA，可影响靶mRNA的稳定性和翻译效率。它们参与了越来越多的生物学过程，包括肿瘤形成。最近的研究表明，这些调控分子与乳腺癌有关。例如，微小RNA谱分析研究已鉴定出在乳腺癌中失调的微小RNA。此外，功能研究揭示了它们在乳腺癌中作为肿瘤抑制基因（如miR-335）和癌基因（如miR-21）的作用。在乳腺癌中失调的微小RNA影响已确立的调控分子（如受miR-206调控的雌激素受体α）以及功能尚未完全了解的新型癌症相关分子的翻译调控。在此，我们概述了目前对微小RNA在乳腺癌中的认识。
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