Pinna Georgia S, Kafetzis Dimitris A, Tselkas Orestis I, Skevaki Chrysanthi L
Department of Microbiology, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008 Jun;21(3):263-70. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282fbf9cd.
Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of childhood. The increasing frequency of the disease as well as the deficiency of specific diagnostic means renders its diagnosis and treatment an area of intense investigation. The purpose of this review is to summarize all the known features of Kawasaki disease and also give an insight to the latest findings.
Kawasaki disease is one of the leading causes of acquired heart disease in children while its cause remains essentially unknown. Viruses, bacterial conventional as well as superantigens, and genetic polymorphisms have been implicated in the etiology of the disease. Markers of inflammation, such as CCL2 and CCXCL10, contribute to the pathology and the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. Intravenous administration of immunoglobulin remains the mainstay of therapy for Kawasaki disease. Nevertheless, forms of the disease refractory to intravenous administration of immunoglobulin therapy may respond to aspirin, corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and/or plasmapheresis.
The present review covers evidence regarding the history of Kawasaki disease, the epidemiology, etiology, pathology, genetic influences, and long-term sequela. It also includes an evaluation of contemporary diagnostic techniques and optimal therapeutic approaches with an emphasis on recent publications.
川崎病是一种儿童急性自限性血管炎。该疾病发病率不断上升，且缺乏特异性诊断方法，这使得其诊断和治疗成为深入研究的领域。本综述旨在总结川崎病的所有已知特征，并介绍最新研究结果。
川崎病是儿童后天性心脏病的主要病因之一，但其病因仍基本不明。病毒、传统细菌以及超抗原和基因多态性都与该疾病的病因有关。炎症标志物，如CCL2和CCXCL10，在川崎病的病理和诊断中起作用。静脉注射免疫球蛋白仍然是川崎病治疗的主要方法。然而，对静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗难治的疾病形式可能对阿司匹林、皮质类固醇、环磷酰胺和/或血浆置换有反应。
本综述涵盖了有关川崎病的历史、流行病学、病因、病理、遗传影响和长期后遗症的证据。它还包括对当代诊断技术和最佳治疗方法的评估，重点是近期出版物。
