Janik A
Zakładu Analityki Klinicznej, Akademii Medycznej im. M. Kopernika, Krakowie.
Folia Med Cracov. 1991;32(3-4):319-32.
The purpose of our experiments was to demonstrate possible changes in the activities of the hematopoietic system and the metabolism of the cardiac muscle and liver in the condition of the subacute poisoning with the methylmercuric acid. The tests were performed on 310 rats. The animals were administered the methylmercuric chloride per os in three different doses during three weeks. The activity of the hematopoietic system was analysed on the basis of selected factors concerning the erythrocytic system (the number of reticulocytes and erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes), the leukocytic system (number, percentage composition and the osmotic resistance of leukocytes), and the thrombocytes. The alterations in the cardiac muscle and the liver were analysed on the basis of selected elements of the carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms. The indicators of the carbohydrate metabolism were glycogen, pyruvic, lactic, and citric acids. For the lipid metabolism we determined the concentration of free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids. A tendency to increase the minimum osmotic resistance of erythrocytes appeared under the influence of the methylmercuric chloride, probably as a result of the binding between the absorbed methylmercury with lipids and with the proteins of the erythrocyte cell membranes. As to the percentage composition of leukocytes, we observed the reduction of the number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood. The rats poisoned with the methylmercuric chloride reacted to the administered foreign toxic substance with the excitation of their reticuloendothelial systems which was demonstrated by a very clear increase of the reticular cells number. We found a reduction of the content of the basic energy substrate in the cardiac muscle, i.e. the free fatty acids, with the parallel increase of triglyceride concentration. The reductions of the glycogen and lactic acid concentrations were observed primarily in the carbohydrate metabolism of the heart. Similar changes in the methylmercuric chloride poisoning were found in the liver. Also here the methylmercuric chloride caused the reduction of the glycogen and lactic acid concentrations as well as the reduction of the number of free fatty acids and the increase of the triglyceride concentration. The results of the above experiments show that the methylmercuric chloride did not distort considerably the activities of the hematopoietic system and the observed changes were not extensive. In both tested tissues we identified biochemical changes that can indicate the changes in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in both organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
我们实验的目的是证明在甲基汞酸亚急性中毒情况下，造血系统的活性以及心肌和肝脏代谢可能发生的变化。对310只大鼠进行了测试。在三周内，给这些动物经口灌胃三种不同剂量的甲基氯化汞。基于与红细胞系统（网织红细胞和红细胞数量、血细胞比容、血红蛋白浓度以及红细胞的渗透抵抗力）、白细胞系统（白细胞数量、百分比组成和渗透抵抗力）以及血小板相关的选定因素，分析造血系统的活性。基于碳水化合物和脂质代谢的选定元素，分析心肌和肝脏的变化。碳水化合物代谢的指标是糖原、丙酮酸、乳酸和柠檬酸。对于脂质代谢，我们测定了游离脂肪酸、甘油三酯、胆固醇和磷脂的浓度。在甲基氯化汞的影响下，红细胞的最小渗透抵抗力有增加的趋势，这可能是由于吸收的甲基汞与脂质以及红细胞细胞膜蛋白结合的结果。至于白细胞的百分比组成，我们观察到外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞数量减少。用甲基氯化汞中毒的大鼠对所给予的外来有毒物质产生反应，其网状内皮系统被激活，这表现为网状细胞数量明显增加。我们发现心肌中基本能量底物即游离脂肪酸的含量减少，同时甘油三酯浓度平行增加。主要在心脏的碳水化合物代谢中观察到糖原和乳酸浓度降低。在甲基氯化汞中毒的情况下，肝脏也出现了类似变化。在这里，甲基氯化汞也导致糖原和乳酸浓度降低，游离脂肪酸数量减少以及甘油三酯浓度增加。上述实验结果表明，甲基氯化汞并没有严重扭曲造血系统的活性，观察到的变化并不广泛。在两个测试组织中，我们都发现了能够表明两个器官碳水化合物和脂质代谢变化的生化改变。（摘要截取自400字）
