Porter D D, Prince G A, Hemming V G, Porter H G
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90024-1732.
J Virol. 1991 Jan;65(1):103-11. doi: 10.1128/JVI.65.1.103-111.1991.
Human parainfluenza virus 3 replicates well in the noses and lungs of two species of cotton rats, Sigmodon hispidus and Sigmodon fulviventer. Peak viral titers of nearly 10(6) PFU/g are reached 2 days after infection in both tissues, are maintained through day 5, and are equivalent in the two species. Infectious virus is eliminated by day 8 after infection. Both species produce a strong neutralizing antibody response with titers of 1:10,000 4 weeks after infection. Viral replication in the nasal epithelium results in only minor histological changes, and viral antigen is found only in the apical portion of epithelial cells. Infection of S. hispidus causes a bronchiolitis with a peribronchiolar lymphoid cell infiltration that reaches a peak 6 days after infection, and there is only a minor component of interstitial pneumonia. In contrast, infection of S. fulviventer causes an interstitial pneumonia, and this lesion reaches its maximal extent by 6 days after infection. There is minimal peribronchiolar lymphoid cell infiltration in infected S. fulviventer. Lung lesions in both species of cotton rats are largely healed 9 days after infection, and the lungs are indistinguishable from those of uninfected controls 16 days after infection. These species of cotton rats offer separate models for the two major pulmonary manifestations of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection. The models may be useful for basic studies of the pathogenesis of this infection and for initial evaluation of candidate vaccines.
人类副流感病毒3型能在棉鼠属的两种棉鼠，即刚毛棉鼠和棕褐棉鼠的鼻腔和肺部良好复制。感染后2天，两种组织中的病毒滴度峰值接近10⁶ PFU/g，在第5天前保持稳定，且两种棉鼠中的滴度相当。感染后第8天，感染性病毒被清除。两种棉鼠在感染4周后均产生强烈的中和抗体反应，滴度达1:10,000。病毒在鼻上皮中的复制仅导致轻微的组织学变化，且病毒抗原仅在上皮细胞的顶端部分被发现。刚毛棉鼠感染会引发细支气管炎，伴有支气管周围淋巴细胞浸润，在感染后6天达到峰值，且间质性肺炎的成分较少。相比之下，棕褐棉鼠感染会引发间质性肺炎，该病变在感染后6天达到最大程度。感染的棕褐棉鼠支气管周围淋巴细胞浸润极少。两种棉鼠的肺部病变在感染后9天基本愈合，感染后16天，肺部与未感染对照的肺部无明显差异。这两种棉鼠为人类副流感病毒3型感染的两种主要肺部表现提供了不同的模型。这些模型可能有助于对该感染发病机制的基础研究以及对候选疫苗的初步评估。
