Holt Robert D
Department of Zoology, Utniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 USA.
Ecology. 2008 Mar;89(3):671-81. doi: 10.1890/07-0348.1.
Over the last several decades, there has been a growing appreciation of the importance of nonequilibrial phenomena and transient dynamics in explaining the structure of ecological communities. This paper provides an overview of theoretical themes related to resource pulses. Theoretical models suggest short-term responses to a single pulse can qualitatively differ from longer-term responses. Recurrent resource pulses can alter community structure, permitting coexistence that otherwise would not occur, or hamper coexistence mechanisms effective in stable environments. For a given resource input, system responses can be more dramatic with short pulses. Resource pulses can cause transitions between alternative states. Dispersal permits species to exploit locally sporadic resource pulses and persist in environments that on average are unsuitable. All these issues are ripe for further theoretical explorations.
在过去几十年里，人们越来越认识到非平衡现象和瞬态动力学在解释生态群落结构方面的重要性。本文概述了与资源脉冲相关的理论主题。理论模型表明，对单个脉冲的短期响应在性质上可能与长期响应不同。反复出现的资源脉冲可以改变群落结构，允许原本不会发生的共存，或者阻碍在稳定环境中有效的共存机制。对于给定的资源输入，短脉冲的系统响应可能更显著。资源脉冲可以导致不同状态之间的转变。扩散使物种能够利用局部零星的资源脉冲，并在平均而言不适合的环境中持续存在。所有这些问题都有待进一步的理论探索。
