Szily Erika, Kéri Szabolcs
Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary.
Ideggyogy Sz. 2008 Mar 30;61(3-4):77-86.
Converging data from human functional imaging in healthy subjects, neuropsychological studies of brain-damaged patients, and non-human neurophysiology indicate that emotional processing is linked to anatomically distinct and well-defined brain regions. A main characteristic of emotion-related brain regions (orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulated cortex, amygdala, insula) is their reciprocal anatomical connectivity with each other as well as with neuromodulatory systems (e.g., serotonergic dorsal raphe, cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert, and dopaminergic ventral tegmentum) and with other brain areas involved in sensory, motor, and cognitive functions. These structures mediate the representation of stimulus values, the affect-leaden enhancement of sensory processing, and the predictions of values associated with actions in order to bias decision-making in uncertain situations. In this review, we discuss new results from the functional neuroanatomy of these brain circuits and outline their significance in the emergence of various psychopathological phenomena.
来自健康受试者的人类功能成像、脑损伤患者的神经心理学研究以及非人类神经生理学的汇聚数据表明，情绪加工与解剖学上不同且明确的脑区相关联。与情绪相关的脑区（眶额皮质、前扣带回皮质、杏仁核、脑岛）的一个主要特征是它们彼此之间以及与神经调节系统（例如，血清素能背缝核、胆碱能迈内特基底核和多巴胺能腹侧被盖区）以及与参与感觉、运动和认知功能的其他脑区之间存在相互的解剖学连接。这些结构介导刺激值的表征、感觉加工的情感主导增强以及与行动相关的值的预测，以便在不确定情况下偏向决策。在本综述中，我们讨论了这些脑回路功能神经解剖学的新结果，并概述了它们在各种精神病理现象出现中的意义。
