Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Research Group Emotional Processing in Bipolar Disorder, Central Institute of Mental Health, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2009;21(4):357-67. doi: 10.1080/09540260902962156.
Existing studies revealed that bipolar patients show an altered identification of emotional stimuli (e.g. facial expressions), however, so far modifications in early emotional processes and the regulation of emotions are less clear. In response to emotional stimuli bipolar patients show a dysfunction in a ventral-limbic brain network including the amygdala, insula, striatum, subgenual cingulate cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. In most studies, a relative hypoactivity of dorsal brain structures, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the dorsal anterior cingulate and the posterior cingulate cortex, has been reported in bipolar patients. This imbalance between the two networks has been proposed to underlie deficient emotion regulation in bipolar disorder.
现有研究表明，双相情感障碍患者对情绪刺激（如面部表情）的识别存在改变，然而，目前对于早期情绪加工和情绪调节的改变还不太清楚。双相情感障碍患者在对情绪刺激作出反应时，其腹侧边缘脑网络（包括杏仁核、岛叶、纹状体、扣带回前下皮质、腹外侧前额叶皮质和眶额皮质）存在功能障碍。在大多数研究中，双相情感障碍患者的背侧脑结构（包括背外侧前额叶皮质、背侧前扣带回和后扣带回皮质）相对活动不足。这两个网络之间的不平衡被认为是双相情感障碍中情绪调节缺陷的基础。
