Takemura Yoko, Kishimoto Takumi, Takigawa Tomoko, Kojima Shinji, Wang Bing-Ling, Sakano Noriko, Wang Da-Hong, Takaki Jiro, Nishide Tadashi, Ishikawa Kou, Ogino Keiki
Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Acta Med Okayama. 2008 Apr;62(2):75-82. doi: 10.18926/AMO/30957.
To decrease the incidence of pneumoconiosis, we examined dust protective mask performance and its relation to pulmonary function as well as the effects of worker education on the proper wearing of masks. One hundred and seventy-eight workers from 15 factories subject to dust exposure participated in this study. All participants were interviewed to obtain relevant personal information and underwent both a mask leakage and a pulmonary function test. The mask leakage was expressed as a percentage, with under 10% leakage indicating that the dust protective mask worked efficiently. In addition, 23 workers from 2 factories were educated on how to wear masks properly. The average mask leakage was 24.3%, and 58% of workers wore ineffective masks. Though pulmonary function was almost normal, the percent vital capacity (%VC) tended to be lower depending on the mask leakage. Mask education, which was very easy and took only a short time, dramatically decreased average mask leakage from 32.1% to 10.5% (p0.001). Educating workers to wear masks properly might prevent the worsening of pulmonary function in response to dust exposure. Appropriate mask fitness by education could be useful in preventing the development of pneumoconiosis.
为降低尘肺病的发病率，我们研究了防尘口罩的性能及其与肺功能的关系，以及对工人进行正确佩戴口罩教育的效果。来自15家有粉尘暴露工厂的178名工人参与了本研究。所有参与者均接受访谈以获取相关个人信息，并进行了口罩泄漏测试和肺功能测试。口罩泄漏率以百分比表示，泄漏率低于10%表明防尘口罩工作有效。此外，来自2家工厂的23名工人接受了正确佩戴口罩的教育。平均口罩泄漏率为24.3%，58%的工人佩戴的口罩无效。尽管肺功能几乎正常，但肺活量百分比（%VC）往往会因口罩泄漏而降低。口罩教育非常简单且耗时短，显著降低了平均口罩泄漏率，从32.1%降至10.5%（p<0.001）。教育工人正确佩戴口罩可能会防止因接触粉尘导致的肺功能恶化。通过教育使口罩佩戴合适可能有助于预防尘肺病的发生。
