Gittens L N, Nichols R R, Apuzzio J J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 1994;1(5):216-9. doi: 10.1155/S1064744994000128.
The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among pregnant adolescents.
Charts of all patients (n = 735) who attended the Maternal and Infant Care Clinic at University Hospital, Newark, NJ, between July 1, 1991, and June 30, 1992, were reviewed for STDs which included gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). At the first prenatal visit, each registrant had endocervical specimens obtained to detect gonorrhea and chlamydia. A serum sample was obtained for syphilis screening. HIV testing was made available to all patients and testing was done on a voluntary basis. The same STD screening that was done at the initial visit was repeated at 28 and 36 weeks.
Twenty-five percent of patients tested positive for one or more STDs. The mean patient age was 17.3 years. The mean gestational age at first visit was 19.5 weeks. The mean number of visits was 7.3. The following STDs were identified: 4.8% of patients tested positive for gonorrhea, 20.9% tested positive for chlamydia, and 1.7% tested positive for syphilis. Twenty-one percent of patients had a positive STD diagnosed at the initial visit. Another 4.8% of patients had an STD diagnosed at some time after the initial visit when the initial screen was negative for STDs. An additional 1% of patients who initially tested positive for an STD had subsequent screening which revealed another STD (different organism). Seven patients tested HIV positive. Sixty-one percent of patients with STDs agreed to HIV testing. One patient had HIV coexistent with another STD.
Pregnant adolescents are at risk for multiple STDs. HIV testing should be offered. STD screening should be repeated in the third trimester in adolescent patients.
本研究旨在确定妊娠青少年中性传播疾病（STD）的流行病学情况。
回顾了1991年7月1日至1992年6月30日期间在新泽西州纽瓦克市大学医院母婴护理诊所就诊的所有患者（n = 735）的病历，以检查是否患有包括淋病、衣原体感染、梅毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）在内的性传播疾病。在首次产前检查时，采集每位登记患者的宫颈标本以检测淋病和衣原体感染。采集血清样本进行梅毒筛查。为所有患者提供HIV检测，检测基于自愿原则进行。在首次就诊时进行的相同性传播疾病筛查在妊娠28周和36周时重复进行。
25%的患者一种或多种性传播疾病检测呈阳性。患者的平均年龄为17.3岁。首次就诊时的平均孕周为19.5周。平均就诊次数为7.3次。确定了以下性传播疾病：4.8%的患者淋病检测呈阳性，20.9%的患者衣原体感染检测呈阳性，1.7%的患者梅毒检测呈阳性。21%的患者在首次就诊时被诊断患有阳性性传播疾病。另外4.8%的患者在首次就诊后被诊断患有性传播疾病，而首次筛查时性传播疾病呈阴性。另有1%最初性传播疾病检测呈阳性的患者随后的筛查显示患有另一种性传播疾病（不同病原体）。7名患者HIV检测呈阳性。61%的性传播疾病患者同意进行HIV检测。1名患者HIV与另一种性传播疾病并存。
妊娠青少年有患多种性传播疾病的风险。应提供HIV检测。青少年患者在孕晚期应重复进行性传播疾病筛查。
