Kiss Endre, Nagy Péter, Balogh Andrea, Szöllosi János, Matkó János
Immunology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences at Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Cytometry A. 2008 Jul;73(7):599-614. doi: 10.1002/cyto.a.20572.
The evolutionarily developed microdomain structure of biological membranes has gained more and more attention in the past decade. The caveolin-free "membrane rafts," the caveolin-expressing rafts (caveolae), as well as other membrane microdomains seem to play an essential role in controlling and coordinating cell-surface molecular recognition, internalization/endocytosis of the bound molecules or pathogenic organisms and in regulation of transmembrane signal transduction processes. Therefore, in many research fields (e.g. neurobiology and immunology), there is an ongoing need to understand the nature of these microdomains and to quantitatively characterize their lipid and protein composition under various physiological and pathological conditions. Flow and image cytometry offer many sophisticated and routine tools to study these questions. In this review, we give an overview of the past efforts to detect and characterize these membrane microdomains by the use of classical cytometric technologies, and finally we will discuss the results and perspectives of a new line of raft cytometry, the "high throughput screening assays of membrane microdomains," based on "lipidomic" and "proteomic" approaches.
在过去十年中，生物膜进化形成的微区结构越来越受到关注。不含小窝蛋白的“膜筏”、表达小窝蛋白的筏（小窝）以及其他膜微区，似乎在控制和协调细胞表面分子识别、结合分子或致病生物的内化/内吞作用以及跨膜信号转导过程的调节中起着至关重要的作用。因此，在许多研究领域（如神经生物学和免疫学），持续需要了解这些微区的性质，并在各种生理和病理条件下对其脂质和蛋白质组成进行定量表征。流式细胞术和图像细胞术提供了许多复杂且常规的工具来研究这些问题。在本综述中，我们概述了过去利用经典细胞术技术检测和表征这些膜微区的努力，最后我们将讨论基于“脂质组学”和“蛋白质组学”方法的新型筏流式细胞术——“膜微区高通量筛选测定法”的结果和前景。
