López del Valle Lydia M, Waldman H Barry, Perlman Steven P
Deanship of Research, University of Puerto Rico School of Dentistry, Puerto Rico.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2007 May-Aug;74(2):130-2.
Limited data are available regarding the oral health of individuals with disabilities who reside in Puerto Rico. The Special Olympics Special Smiles oral health screening, education, and referral program provides an opportunity to explore the dental status and needs of Special Olympics athletes with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the oral health status of Special Olympics athletes participating in an event in Villalba, Puerto Rico in 2004.
A total of 161 self-selected athletes with intellectual disabilities were screened by 4 trained and calibrated dentists utilizing the criteria standards of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Special Olympics Special Smiles, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed for decayed, filled, and missing teeth. Oral hygiene, reports of oral pain, and sociodemographic information were recorded. The statistical test used was the chi-square test to establish associations and logistic regressions. Data were analyzed using EPI-INFO and SPSS programs.
Almost 45% of examined athletes (mean age=19 years) had untreated dental decay; 33% had missing teeth, 60% had gingival signs of periodontal disease, and 16% reported dental pain.
Results of clinical examinations indicate a population with intellectual disabilities that is in significant need of preventive and restorative oral health needs.
关于居住在波多黎各的残疾人士的口腔健康状况，现有数据有限。特奥会“特别微笑”口腔健康筛查、教育及转诊项目提供了一个契机，可用于探究患有智力和发育障碍的特奥会运动员的牙齿状况及需求。本文旨在评估2004年在波多黎各比利亚尔瓦参加一项活动的特奥会运动员的口腔健康状况。
4名经过培训且校准过的牙医，依据美国国立牙科和颅面研究所、特奥会“特别微笑”以及美国疾病控制与预防中心制定的针对龋齿、补牙及缺牙情况的标准，对总共161名自行选定的智障运动员进行了筛查。记录了口腔卫生状况、口腔疼痛报告以及社会人口统计学信息。所使用的统计检验方法是卡方检验，以确定关联关系并进行逻辑回归分析。数据使用EPI-INFO和SPSS程序进行分析。
近45%接受检查的运动员（平均年龄19岁）有未经治疗的龋齿；33%有牙齿缺失，60%有牙周疾病的牙龈症状，16%报告有牙痛。
临床检查结果表明，智障人群对预防性和修复性口腔健康护理有迫切需求。
