Hanke-Herrero Rosana, López Del Valle Lydia M, Sánchez Carolina, Waldman H Barry, Perlman Steven P
University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, Puerto Rico.
Spec Care Dentist. 2013 Sep-Oct;33(5):209-12. doi: 10.1111/scd.12019. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral health status and dental needs of the athletes with intellectual disabilities from Latin-American and Caribbean countries who were participating in the II Latin-American Special Olympics games held in Puerto Rico, February 2010.
There were 930 athletes who participated in the games, of whom 445 received a dental examination, including 367 from Latin-American and 78 from Caribbean countries. Forty-four trained and standardized dental professionals performed dental screenings of athletes with intellectual disabilities, following Special Olympic Special Smiles and CDC protocols. These criteria were used to record untreated caries, missing and filled teeth, and gingival status. Socio-demographics, existence, and severity of pain and oral hygiene habits were assessed by questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using EPI-INFO and SPSS Statistical Program to produce descriptive statistics and chi-square test.
Untreated dental caries was recorded for more than half of the examined athletes. Missing teeth were noted in more than one-third of the athletes. More than half of the participants had signs of gingival disease and half needed preventive mouth guards. Statistics for each Latin-American country suggests a dissimilar trend of dental decay and treatment needs among nations.
While the Special Olympic athletes may not be representative of the entire population of individuals with intellectual disabilities in their specific country, the general consistency of the oral health status of these athletes from the 31 countries supports the certainty of the need for increased dental services for individuals with intellectual disability in the respective countries.
本研究旨在评估参加2010年2月在波多黎各举行的第二届拉丁美洲特殊奥林匹克运动会的来自拉丁美洲和加勒比国家的智障运动员的口腔健康状况和牙科需求。
共有930名运动员参加了此次运动会，其中445人接受了牙科检查，包括来自拉丁美洲的367人和来自加勒比国家的78人。44名经过培训且标准化的牙科专业人员按照特殊奥林匹克特殊微笑和疾病控制与预防中心的方案，对智障运动员进行了牙科筛查。这些标准用于记录未经治疗的龋齿、缺失牙和已充填牙，以及牙龈状况。通过问卷调查评估社会人口统计学特征、疼痛的存在和严重程度以及口腔卫生习惯。使用EPI-INFO和SPSS统计程序进行统计分析，以生成描述性统计数据和卡方检验。
超过一半接受检查的运动员有未经治疗的龋齿。超过三分之一的运动员有牙齿缺失。超过一半的参与者有牙龈疾病的迹象，一半的人需要预防性护齿器。每个拉丁美洲国家的统计数据表明，各国之间龋齿和治疗需求的趋势不同。
虽然特殊奥林匹克运动员可能不代表其所在特定国家智障人群的全部，但来自这31个国家的这些运动员口腔健康状况的总体一致性支持了在各自国家增加为智障人士提供牙科服务的必要性。
