George Darren, Dixon Sinikka, Stansal Emory, Gelb Shannon Lund, Pheri Tabitha
Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Canadian University College, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada.
J Am Coll Health. 2008 May-Jun;56(6):706-15. doi: 10.3200/JACH.56.6.706-715.
A sample of 231 students attending a private liberal arts university in central Alberta, Canada, completed a 5-day time diary and a 71-item questionnaire assessing the influence of personal, cognitive, and attitudinal factors on success.
The authors used 3 success measures: cumulative grade point average (GPA), Personal Success--each participant's rating of congruence between stated goals and progress toward those goals--and Total Success--a measure that weighted GPA and Personal Success equally.
The greatest predictors of GPA were time-management skills, intelligence, time spent studying, computer ownership, less time spent in passive leisure, and a healthy diet. Predictors of Personal Success scores were clearly defined goals, overall health, personal spirituality, and time-management skills. Predictors of Total Success scores were clearly defined goals, time-management skills, less time spent in passive leisure, healthy diet, waking up early, computer ownership, and less time spent sleeping.
Results suggest alternatives to traditional predictors of academic success.
对加拿大艾伯塔省中部一所私立文理大学的231名学生进行抽样，他们完成了一份为期5天的时间日记以及一份包含71个条目的问卷，该问卷评估了个人、认知和态度因素对成功的影响。
作者采用了3种成功衡量指标：累积平均绩点（GPA）、个人成功——每位参与者对既定目标与朝着这些目标所取得进展之间一致性的评分——以及总体成功——一种对GPA和个人成功进行同等加权的衡量指标。
GPA的最大预测因素是时间管理技能、智力、学习时间、拥有电脑、较少花费在消极休闲上的时间以及健康饮食。个人成功得分的预测因素是明确的目标、总体健康状况、个人精神信仰以及时间管理技能。总体成功得分的预测因素是明确的目标、时间管理技能、较少花费在消极休闲上的时间、健康饮食、早起、拥有电脑以及较少的睡眠时间。
结果表明了学术成功传统预测因素的替代因素。
