Nadal Marina, García-Pedrajas María D, Gold Scott E
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7274, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Jul;284(2):127-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01173.x. Epub 2008 May 12.
Fungi are mostly sessile organisms, and thus have evolved ways to cope with environmental changes. Many fungi produce 'dormant' structures, which allow them to survive periods of unfavorable conditions. Another ingenious active approach to a changing environment has been adopted by the 'dimorphic fungi', which simply shift their thallic organization as a way to adapt and thrive in the new conditions. Dimorphism is extensively exploited by both plant and animal pathogenic fungi, where the encounter with the host prompts a shift in the mode of growth. In this review, we focus on the phenomenon of dimorphism among plant pathogenic fungi through discussion of several relatively well-studied exemplar species.
真菌大多是固着生物，因此进化出了应对环境变化的方法。许多真菌会产生“休眠”结构，使它们能够在不利条件下存活。“双态真菌”采用了另一种应对不断变化环境的巧妙主动方式，即通过简单地改变其菌体组织来适应新环境并茁壮成长。植物和动物致病真菌都广泛利用双态性，在与宿主接触时会促使生长模式发生转变。在本综述中，我们通过讨论几种研究相对充分的典型物种，重点关注植物致病真菌中的双态性现象。
