Divon Hege H, Fluhr Robert
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2007 Jan;266(1):65-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00504.x. Epub 2006 Nov 3.
In host-pathogen interactions, efficient pathogen nutrition is a prerequisite for successful colonization and fungal fitness. Filamentous fungi have a remarkable capability to adapt and exploit the external nutrient environment. For phytopathogenic fungi, this asset has developed within the context of host physiology and metabolism. The understanding of nutrient acquisition and pathogen primary metabolism is of great importance in the development of novel disease control strategies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on how plant nutrient supplies are utilized by phytopathogenic fungi, and how these activities are controlled. The generation and use of auxotrophic mutants have been elemental to the determination of essential and nonessential nutrient compounds from the plant. Considerable evidence indicates that pathogen entrainment of host metabolism is a widespread phenomenon and can be accomplished by rerouting of the plant's responses. Crucial fungal signalling components for nutrient-sensing pathways as well as their developmental dependency have now been identified, and were shown to operate in a coordinate cross-talk fashion that ensures proper nutrition-related behaviour during the infection process.
在宿主-病原体相互作用中，高效的病原体营养摄取是成功定殖和真菌适应性的先决条件。丝状真菌具有显著的能力来适应和利用外部营养环境。对于植物病原真菌而言，这种特性是在宿主生理和代谢的背景下发展而来的。了解营养获取和病原体初级代谢对于开发新的疾病控制策略至关重要。在本综述中，我们讨论了关于植物病原真菌如何利用植物营养供应以及这些活动如何受到控制的现有知识。营养缺陷型突变体的产生和利用对于确定植物中的必需和非必需营养化合物至关重要。大量证据表明，病原体对宿主代谢的诱导是一种普遍现象，并且可以通过改变植物的反应来实现。现已鉴定出营养感应途径的关键真菌信号成分及其发育依赖性，并且表明它们以协调的相互作用方式发挥作用，以确保在感染过程中表现出与营养相关的适当行为。
