Abnormal erythrocyte choline transport in patients with chronic renal failure.

1. Erythrocyte choline transport has been studied in nine patients on maintenance haemodialysis for chronic renal failure, six patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 31 patients with renal transplants and in nine normal control subjects. 2. The mean maximum rate of choline influx (Vmax., measured at an extracellular choline concentration of 250 mumol/l) was 66.7 (SD 14.1) mumol h-1 l-1 cells in patients on haemodialysis, 87.8 (SD 18.5) mumol h-1 l-1 cells in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 30.5 (SD 4.9) mumol h-1 l-1 cells in control subjects. The increase in choline flux in patients on haemodialysis and patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis compared with control subjects was highly significant (P less than 0.001). 3. Renal transplant patients showed variable values for the Vmax. of choline influx (range 17.7-71.7 mumol h-1 l-1 cells). The values showed a significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance and this correlation correctly extrapolated to the maximum choline flux in normal subjects and in patients on dialysis. 4. The kinetics of choline transport have been studied in erythrocytes of patients on haemodialysis and control subjects in 'zero-trans' conditions after depletion of intracellular choline. The mean Vmax. in these conditions was 38.4 (SD 4.6) mumol h-1 l-1 cells in patients on haemodialysis compared with 14.2 (SD 3.7) mumol h-1 l-1 cells in control subjects. The mean Km under 'zero-trans' conditions was 19.4 (SD 2.4) mumol/l in patients on haemodialysis and 7.4 (SD 1.4) mumol/l in control subjects. These differences were significant (P less than 0.001).