Colmer Timothy D, Flowers Timothy J
School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QG, UK.
New Phytol. 2008;179(4):964-974. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02483.x. Epub 2008 May 13.
Flooding is a common environmental variable with salinity. Submerged organs can suffer from O(2) deprivation and the resulting energy deficits can compromise ion transport processes essential for salinity tolerance. Tolerance of soil waterlogging in halophytes, as in glycophytes, is often associated with the production of adventitious roots containing aerenchyma, and the resultant internal O(2) supply. For some species, shallow rooting in aerobic upper soil layers appears to be the key to survival on frequently flooded soils, although little is known of the anoxia tolerance in halophytes. Halophytic species that inhabit waterlogged substrates are able to regulate their shoot ion concentrations in spite of the hypoxic (or anoxic) medium in which they are rooted, this being in stark contrast with most other plants which suffer when salinity and waterlogging occur in combination. Very few studies have addressed the consequences of submergence of the shoots by saline water; these have, however, demonstrated tolerance of temporary submergence in some halophytes.
洪水是与盐分相关的常见环境变量。被淹没的器官会遭受氧气剥夺，由此产生的能量不足会损害对盐分耐受性至关重要的离子运输过程。与甜土植物一样，盐生植物对土壤渍水的耐受性通常与含有通气组织的不定根的产生以及由此产生的内部氧气供应有关。对于一些物种来说，在好氧的上层土壤中浅生根似乎是在经常被洪水淹没的土壤上生存的关键，尽管对盐生植物的缺氧耐受性了解甚少。栖息在渍水基质上的盐生植物物种能够调节其地上部分的离子浓度，尽管它们扎根于缺氧（或无氧）介质中，这与大多数其他植物形成鲜明对比，后者在盐分和渍水同时出现时会受到影响。很少有研究探讨盐水淹没地上部分的后果；然而，这些研究表明一些盐生植物对暂时淹没具有耐受性。
