Tamblay Natalia, Seijas Daniel
Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2008 Feb;136(2):179-85. Epub 2008 May 7.
Smoking cessation programs have an efficacy of approximately 30%. Different factors related to the patients may influence this figure.
To identify determinant factors for smoking cessation after one year of treatment and to determine if bupropion and nicotine substitutes are effective in smoking cessation treatments.
Follow up of 68 patients that attended a smokers clinic at a General Hospital. The patients filled up a questionnaire which included demographic, morbid and smoking habits data. They were subjected to a psychiatric interview to determine their treatment. One year later, patients were contacted by telephone and were asked if they remained without smoking.
After one year, 41% of patients responded that they were abstinent. On univariate analysis, male gender appeared as a protective factor associated to abstinence. On multivariate analysis, the use of bupropion appeared as a protective factor. A high score on the automatic item of the smoking motivation questionnaire appeared as a risk factor. The presence of respiratory diseases and the male gender were borderline significant protective factors. Nicotine substitutes were not associated with better abstinence rates.
In this sample of smokers, the use of bupropion was associated with better abstinence rates and a high motivation to smoke appeared as a risk factor to continue smoking.
戒烟项目的成功率约为30%。与患者相关的不同因素可能会影响这一数字。
确定治疗一年后戒烟的决定性因素，并确定安非他酮和尼古丁替代疗法在戒烟治疗中是否有效。
对一家综合医院吸烟门诊的68名患者进行随访。患者填写了一份问卷，其中包括人口统计学、疾病和吸烟习惯数据。他们接受了精神科访谈以确定治疗方案。一年后，通过电话联系患者，询问他们是否仍未吸烟。
一年后，41%的患者表示已戒烟。单因素分析显示，男性是与戒烟相关的保护因素。多因素分析显示，使用安非他酮是一个保护因素。吸烟动机问卷自动项目得分高是一个危险因素。呼吸系统疾病的存在和男性是临界显著的保护因素。尼古丁替代疗法与更高的戒烟率无关。
在这个吸烟者样本中，使用安非他酮与更高的戒烟率相关，而吸烟动机高是继续吸烟的一个危险因素。
