Identification and characterization of a novel non-infectious herpes simplex virus-related particle.

During gradient purification of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) two bands of particles were observed: a sharp lower band and a more diffuse upper band. The lower band contained almost exclusively HSV-1 virions (H particles) whereas the upper band consisted of membrane-enclosed particles (L particles). These L particles resembled the virions in appearance, but lacked the viral nucleocapsid and were not infectious. Many polypeptides of the viral envelope and the tegument were common to both types of particles. The H particles had polypeptide profiles typical of HSV virions. The L particles contained at least three phosphoproteins (175K, 92K and 55K) and a further two phosphorylated polypeptides not normally observed in virion profiles which comigrated with the 134K and 60K glycoproteins. This clearly indicates that the novel L particles were not merely virions which had formed without the inclusion of a nucleocapsid or virions which had subsequently lost their nucleocapsid during preparative handling. Thus these novel L particles are genuine products of the infectious processes occurring when HSV-1 replicates.