Glahn David C, Laird Angela R, Ellison-Wright Ian, Thelen Sarah M, Robinson Jennifer L, Lancaster Jack L, Bullmore Edward, Fox Peter T
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Nov 1;64(9):774-81. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.03.031. Epub 2008 May 16.
Although structural neuroimaging methods have been widely used to study brain morphology in schizophrenia, synthesizing this literature has been difficult. With the increasing popularity of voxel-based morphometric (VBM) methods in which group differences are reported in standardized coordinates, it is possible to apply powerful meta-analytic techniques initially designed for functional neuroimaging. In this study, we performed a voxelwise, coordinate-based meta-analysis to better conceptualize the neuroanatomic correlates of schizophrenia.
Thirty-one peer-reviewed articles, with a total of 1195 patients with schizophrenia contrasted with 1262 healthy volunteers, were included in the meta-analysis. Coordinates from each article were used to create a statistical map that estimated the likelihood of between-group gray matter density differences at every brain voxel. These results were subsequently entered into a network analysis.
Patients had reduced gray matter density relative to control subjects in a distributed network of regions, including bilateral insular cortex, anterior cingulate, left parahippocampal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and thalamus. Network analysis grouped these regions into four distinct networks that potentially represent different pathologic processes. Patients had increased gray matter density in striatal regions.
This study expands on previous meta-analyses of the neuroanatomy of schizophrenia by elucidating a series of brain networks disrupted by the illness. Because it is possible that these networks are influenced by independent etiologic factors, this work should foster more detailed neural models of the illness and focus research designed to discover the mechanisms of gray matter reduction in schizophrenia.
尽管结构神经影像学方法已被广泛用于研究精神分裂症的脑形态，但整合这些文献一直很困难。随着基于体素的形态测量（VBM）方法的日益普及，该方法通过标准化坐标报告组间差异，从而有可能应用最初为功能神经影像学设计的强大的元分析技术。在本研究中，我们进行了一项基于坐标的体素级元分析，以更好地理解精神分裂症的神经解剖学相关性。
31篇经过同行评审的文章被纳入元分析，这些文章共纳入了1195例精神分裂症患者，并与1262名健康志愿者进行对比。每篇文章中的坐标用于创建一个统计图，估计每个脑体素处组间灰质密度差异的可能性。这些结果随后被纳入网络分析。
与对照组相比，患者在包括双侧岛叶皮质、前扣带回、左侧海马旁回、左侧额中回、中央后回和丘脑在内的多个区域的分布式网络中灰质密度降低。网络分析将这些区域分为四个不同的网络，可能代表不同的病理过程。患者纹状体区域的灰质密度增加。
本研究通过阐明一系列受该疾病破坏的脑网络，扩展了先前对精神分裂症神经解剖学的元分析。由于这些网络可能受独立病因因素的影响，这项工作应促进对该疾病更详细的神经模型的研究，并将研究重点放在旨在发现精神分裂症灰质减少机制的研究上。
