Paul Tanya, See Jia Whei, Vijayakumar Vetrivel, Njideaka-Kevin Temiloluwa, Loh Hanyou, Lee Vivian Jia Qi, Dogrul Bekir Nihat
Department of Medicine, Avalon University School of Medicine, World Trade Center, Willemstad, Curaçao.
General Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang City 30114, Indonesia.
Psychoradiology. 2024 Sep 6;4:kkae015. doi: 10.1093/psyrad/kkae015. eCollection 2024.
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder characterized by multiple neurochemical abnormalities and structural changes in the brain. These abnormalities may begin before recognizable clinical symptoms appear and continue as a dynamic process throughout the illness. Recent advances in imaging techniques have significantly enriched our comprehension of these structural alterations, particularly focusing on gray and white matter irregularities and prefrontal, temporal, and cingulate cortex alterations. Some of the changes suggest treatment resistance to antipsychotic medications, while treatment nonadherence and relapses may further exacerbate structural abnormalities. This narrative review aims to discuss the literature about alterations and deficits within the brain, which could improve the understanding of schizophrenia and how to interpret neurostructural changes.
精神分裂症是一种复杂的疾病，其特征是大脑中存在多种神经化学异常和结构变化。这些异常可能在可识别的临床症状出现之前就已开始，并在整个疾病过程中作为一个动态过程持续存在。成像技术的最新进展显著丰富了我们对这些结构改变的理解，尤其关注灰质和白质的异常以及前额叶、颞叶和扣带回皮质的改变。其中一些变化表明对抗精神病药物治疗存在耐药性，而治疗不依从和复发可能会进一步加剧结构异常。这篇叙述性综述旨在讨论有关大脑内改变和缺陷的文献，这有助于增进对精神分裂症的理解以及如何解读神经结构变化。
