Galloway James N, Townsend Alan R, Erisman Jan Willem, Bekunda Mateete, Cai Zucong, Freney John R, Martinelli Luiz A, Seitzinger Sybil P, Sutton Mark A
Environmental Sciences Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
Science. 2008 May 16;320(5878):889-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1136674.
Humans continue to transform the global nitrogen cycle at a record pace, reflecting an increased combustion of fossil fuels, growing demand for nitrogen in agriculture and industry, and pervasive inefficiencies in its use. Much anthropogenic nitrogen is lost to air, water, and land to cause a cascade of environmental and human health problems. Simultaneously, food production in some parts of the world is nitrogen-deficient, highlighting inequities in the distribution of nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Optimizing the need for a key human resource while minimizing its negative consequences requires an integrated interdisciplinary approach and the development of strategies to decrease nitrogen-containing waste.
人类继续以前所未有的速度改变全球氮循环，这反映出化石燃料燃烧增加、工农业对氮的需求不断增长以及氮使用中普遍存在的低效问题。大量人为产生的氮流失到空气、水和土地中，引发了一系列环境和人类健康问题。与此同时，世界上一些地区的粮食生产缺氮，凸显了含氮肥料分配的不平等。在优化对这一关键人力资源的需求的同时，尽量减少其负面影响，需要采取综合的跨学科方法，并制定减少含氮废物的策略。
