Nachkebia N, Chkhartishvili E, Dzadzamia Sh, Mchedlidze O, Oniani T
Georgian Med News. 2008 Apr(157):66-72.
There is controversy in the literature in the results of various septal lesions on the sleep-waking cycle (SWC) ultradian structure. Current investigation was aimed to study the effects of interruption of septo-hippocampal cholinergic/GABAergic afferentation on the ultradian structure of SWC and on PS major indices. Experiments were carried out on 12 adult cats, operated under overall anesthesia (Nembutal, 35-40 mg/kg). Three groups of animals were used: I. Implanted sham lesioned control; II. With isolated lesion of medial septal part; III. With combined lesion of medial and lateral septal parts. Lesion was made by passing of direct current. Continuous EEG registration of SWC was lasted 12 hour. Results were evaluated statistically with Student's t test. Isolated lesion of medial septum doesn't produce significant changes of motivational-emotional behavior, but combined lesion of medial and lateral septal parts lead to enhancement of food and water motivation, development of hyper emotionality and hyperactivity. Interruption of septo-hippocampal cholinergic/GABAergic input, increased sleep onset latency, incidence and percentage of active waking (AW) and passive waking (PW) and PS latency but the last effect was dependent from sleep latency change. In the period from appearance of first PS episode to the end of EEG registration PS incidence and percentage wasn't changed significantly. This surgery completely abolished theta rhythm in waking and PS. Combined lesion of medial and lateral septal parts increased sleep latency still more. Total time of AW and PW increased twice. DSWS was significantly decreased. In this case PS latency was also increased still more. PS incidence and total percentage in whole 12 h registration period were reduced substantially, but for the period calculated after appearance of first PS episode until to the end of EEG registration PS mean value was the same as in sham lesioned animals. It is concluded that: 1.Septo-hippocampal cholinergic/GABAergic relationship doesn't play significant role in the triggering mechanisms of SWC ultradian structure; 2. GABAergic part of this input as well as hippocampo-mesodiecephalic descending pathways through the lateral septum have powerful modulatory influence on basic triggering mechanisms of SWS; 3. Development of hippocampal theta rhythm is the only event of PS affected after medial septal lesion; 4. Septo-hippocampal cholinergic input is not essential in triggering mechanisms of PS.
关于各种间隔性病变对睡眠-觉醒周期（SWC）超日节律结构的影响，文献中存在争议。当前的研究旨在探讨隔-海马胆碱能/γ-氨基丁酸能传入中断对SWC超日节律结构以及快速眼动睡眠（PS）主要指标的影响。实验在12只成年猫身上进行，手术在全身麻醉（戊巴比妥，35 - 40毫克/千克）下进行。使用了三组动物：I. 植入假损伤对照组；II. 内侧隔部分单独损伤组；III. 内侧和外侧隔部分联合损伤组。通过直流电通电造成损伤。对SWC进行连续12小时的脑电图记录。结果用学生t检验进行统计学评估。内侧隔单独损伤不会引起动机-情绪行为的显著变化，但内侧和外侧隔部分联合损伤会导致食物和水动机增强、过度情绪化和多动的发展。隔-海马胆碱能/γ-氨基丁酸能输入中断会增加睡眠起始潜伏期、主动觉醒（AW）和被动觉醒（PW）的发生率及百分比以及PS潜伏期，但最后一个效应取决于睡眠潜伏期的变化。在从首次出现PS发作到脑电图记录结束的时间段内，PS发生率和百分比没有显著变化。这种手术完全消除了觉醒和PS中的θ节律。内侧和外侧隔部分联合损伤进一步增加了睡眠潜伏期。AW和PW的总时间增加了两倍。深度慢波睡眠（DSWS）显著减少。在这种情况下，PS潜伏期也进一步增加。在整个12小时记录期内，PS发生率和总百分比大幅降低，但在计算从首次出现PS发作到脑电图记录结束的时间段内，PS平均值与假损伤动物相同。得出以下结论：1. 隔-海马胆碱能/γ-氨基丁酸能关系在SWC超日节律结构的触发机制中不发挥重要作用；2. 该输入的γ-氨基丁酸能部分以及通过外侧隔的海马-中脑间脑下行通路对慢波睡眠的基本触发机制有强大的调节作用；3. 海马θ节律的发展是内侧隔损伤后受影响的PS的唯一事件；4. 隔-海马胆碱能输入在PS的触发机制中不是必需的。
