Xu Dong Qing, Hong Youlian, Li Jing Xian
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, and Department of Health and Exercise Science, Tianjin University of Sports, Tianjin, China.
Med Sport Sci. 2008;52:20-29. doi: 10.1159/000134281.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of regular Tai Chi (TC) practice on muscle strength and endurance of the lower extremities in older people. Twenty-one long-term older TC practitioners were compared with 18 regular older joggers and 22 sedentary counterparts. Maximum concentric strength of knee flexors and extensors was tested at angular velocities of 30 degrees and 120 degrees /s. Ankle dorsiflexors and plantar flexors were tested at 30 degrees /s. Moreover the dynamic endurance of the knee flexors and extensors was assessed at the speed of 180 degrees /s. The strength of knee extensors and flexors in the sedentary group was significantly lower than that in the jogging group and marginally lower than that in the TC group at the higher velocity. For ankle joint, the subjects in both the TC group and the jogging group generated more torque in their ankle dorsiflexors. In addition, the muscle endurance of knee extensors was more pronounced in TC practitioners than the controls. Regular older TC practitioners and joggers showed better scores than the sedentary controls on most of the muscle strength and endurance measures. However, the magnitude of the exercise effects on muscles might depend on the characteristics of different types of exercise.
该研究的目的是调查定期练习太极拳（TC）对老年人下肢肌肉力量和耐力的影响。将21名长期练习太极拳的老年人与18名经常慢跑的老年人以及22名久坐不动的老年人进行比较。在30度和120度/秒的角速度下测试膝关节屈肌和伸肌的最大向心力量。在30度/秒的速度下测试踝关节背屈肌和跖屈肌。此外，以180度/秒的速度评估膝关节屈肌和伸肌的动态耐力。在较高速度下，久坐组膝关节伸肌和屈肌的力量显著低于慢跑组，略低于太极拳组。对于踝关节，太极拳组和慢跑组的受试者踝关节背屈肌产生的扭矩更大。此外，太极拳练习者膝关节伸肌的肌肉耐力比对照组更明显。在大多数肌肉力量和耐力测量中，经常练习太极拳的老年人和慢跑者的得分均优于久坐不动的对照组。然而，运动对肌肉的影响程度可能取决于不同类型运动的特点。
