Wang Jing, Qin QinBo, Chen Song, Liu ShaoJun, Duan Wei, Liu JinHui, Zhang Chun, Luo KaiKun, Xiao Jun, Liu Yun
Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
Sci China C Life Sci. 2008 Jun;51(6):544-51. doi: 10.1007/s11427-008-0070-4. Epub 2008 May 17.
The improved tetraploids (G(1)xAT) were obtained by distant crossing and gynogenesis and the high-body individuals accounted for 2% among G(1)xAT. After mating with each other, the high-body individuals produced three kinds of bisexual fertile diploid fishes: high-body red crucian carp, high-body fork-like-tails goldfish and gray common carp. The high-body red crucian carp mating with each other formed three types of improved crucian carp (ICC) including improved red crucian carp (IRCC), improved color crucian carp (ICCC) and improved gray crucian carp (IGCC). The phenotypes, chromosome numbers, gonadal structure and fertility of the three kinds of ICC and their offspring were observed. All the three kinds of ICC possessed some improved phenotypes such as higher body, smaller head and shorter tail. The ratios of the body height to body length of IRCC, ICCC and IGCC were 0.54, 0.51 and 0.54, respectively. All of them were obviously higher than that of red crucian carp 0.41 (P<0.01). Three kinds of ICC had the same chromosome number as red crucian carp with 100 chromosomes. All the ICC possessed normal gonads producing mature eggs or sperm, which was important for the production of an improved diploid population. Compared with red crucian carp, all the ICC had stronger fertility such as higher gametes production, higher fertilization rate and higher hatchery rate. Three types of improved diploid fish population were generated from the three kinds of ICC by self-crossing, respectively. The ICC can serve as ornamental fish and edible fish. They are also ideal parents to produce triploids by mating with tetraploids. The new ICC plays an important role in biological evolution and fish genetic breeding.
通过远缘杂交和雌核发育获得了改良四倍体（G(1)xAT），其中高体型个体占G(1)xAT的2%。这些高体型个体相互交配后，产生了三种两性可育的二倍体鱼类：高体型红鲫、高体型叉尾金鱼和灰色鲤鱼。高体型红鲫相互交配形成了三种改良鲫（ICC），包括改良红鲫（IRCC）、改良彩鲫（ICCC）和改良灰鲫（IGCC）。观察了这三种ICC及其后代的表型、染色体数目、性腺结构和育性。三种ICC均具有一些改良的表型，如体型更高、头部更小、尾巴更短。IRCC、ICCC和IGCC的体高与体长之比分别为0.54、0.51和0.54。它们均明显高于红鲫的0.41（P<0.01）。三种ICC的染色体数目与红鲫相同，均为100条染色体。所有ICC都具有正常的性腺，能产生成熟的卵子或精子，这对改良二倍体群体的生产很重要。与红鲫相比，所有ICC的育性更强，如配子产量更高、受精率更高和孵化率更高。分别通过三种ICC自交产生了三种改良二倍体鱼类群体。ICC既可以作为观赏鱼，也可以作为食用鱼。它们也是与四倍体交配生产三倍体的理想亲本。新的ICC在生物进化和鱼类遗传育种中发挥着重要作用。
