Falagas Matthew E, Mourtzoukou Eleni G, Giannopoulou Konstantina P, Alexiou Vangelis G, Rafailidis Petros I
Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Athens, Greece.
Microb Drug Resist. 2008 Jun;14(2):171-82. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2008.0820.
We evaluated the available evidence from case-control studies in the field of antimicrobial resistance to identify the degree that matching was performed and the criteria used to do so.
We performed a systematic search of the PubMed database (articles archived by 08/2006) to identify relevant studies. Studies that used the individual matching technique were further analyzed.
115 case-control studies with a focus on antimicrobial resistance were identified: 28 regarding Acinetobacter baumannii, 25 regarding Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 62 for other bacteria. Individual matching was performed in 32 (27.8%) out of the 115 studies. Age was the most frequently used matching criterion in 22 of 32 (69%) evaluated matched case-control studies, while sex was used in 11 (34%), presence of underlying illness in 8 (25%), site of infection in 5 (16%), and area of residence in 4 studies (12.5%). Other criteria were used in less than 10% of the studies. Analysis of data for matched pairs was performed in 18 of 32 (56.3%) studies that used a matched case-control design.
The available evidence from the analyzed data from case-control studies in the field of antimicrobial resistance shows that individual matching is employed only in a proportion of such studies and only for a few characteristics, when it was used. Also, analysis for matched pairs was not used by almost a half of the relevant studies.
我们评估了抗菌药物耐药领域病例对照研究的现有证据，以确定匹配的程度及所采用的标准。
我们对PubMed数据库（截至2006年8月存档的文章）进行了系统检索，以识别相关研究。对采用个体匹配技术的研究进行了进一步分析。
共识别出115项聚焦抗菌药物耐药的病例对照研究：28项针对鲍曼不动杆菌，25项针对铜绿假单胞菌，62项针对其他细菌。115项研究中有32项（27.8%）进行了个体匹配。在32项评估的匹配病例对照研究中，22项（69%）最常使用年龄作为匹配标准，11项（34%）使用性别，8项（25%）使用基础疾病的存在情况，5项（16%）使用感染部位，4项研究（12.5%）使用居住地区。其他标准在不到10%的研究中使用。在32项采用匹配病例对照设计的研究中，18项（56.3%）对匹配对的数据进行了分析。
抗菌药物耐药领域病例对照研究的分析数据中的现有证据表明，个体匹配仅在部分此类研究中使用，且使用时仅针对少数特征。此外，几乎一半的相关研究未对匹配对进行分析。
