Abad A
University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2008 May;10(5):256-61. doi: 10.1007/s12094-008-0194-9.
Despite the progress in cancer therapeutics and chemotherapy development with the introduction of new drugs, advanced gastric cancer continues to have an extremely poor prognosis and with limited treatment options. The introduction of new antitarget drugs has introduced a new perspective in cancer treatment in general and gastric cancer in particular. Nevertheless, few studies have been developed with this generation of drugs. The monoclonal antibody antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) cetuximab and the antiangiogenic bevacizumab have been used in phase I and II studies with good results, which need to be confirmed in new phase III studies. The carcinogenesis of this tumor provides information regarding two transcription and signaling pathways of great interest and with therapeutic potential. Infection by Helicobacter pylori is recognized as the cause of gastric cancer development, and there are two elements that play an important role in this process: the CagA gene, whose protein is introduced in the cell by H. pylori initiates the process; and the hedgehog signaling pathway, which regulates the gastric mucosa and is very frequently activated in gastric cancer. Taking action on these agents may be a new and effective method of treating gastric cancer, and therefore must be researched.
尽管随着新药的引入，癌症治疗和化疗发展取得了进展，但晚期胃癌的预后仍然极差，治疗选择有限。新型抗靶点药物的引入为总体癌症治疗，尤其是胃癌治疗带来了新的视角。然而，针对这一代药物开展的研究很少。单克隆抗体抗表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）西妥昔单抗和抗血管生成药物贝伐单抗已用于I期和II期研究，效果良好，但需要在新的III期研究中得到证实。该肿瘤的致癌作用提供了有关两个备受关注且具有治疗潜力的转录和信号通路的信息。幽门螺杆菌感染被认为是胃癌发生的原因，在此过程中有两个因素起重要作用：CagA基因，其蛋白质由幽门螺杆菌引入细胞从而启动这一过程；以及刺猬信号通路，其调节胃黏膜且在胃癌中经常被激活。针对这些因素采取行动可能是治疗胃癌的一种新的有效方法，因此必须进行研究。
