Miceli Teresa, Colson Kathleen, Gavino Maria, Lilleby Kathy
Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, MN, USA.
Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2008 Jun;12(3 Suppl):13-20. doi: 10.1188/08.CJON.S1.13-19.
Novel therapies for multiple myeloma include the immunomodulatory drugs lenalidomide and thalidomide and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which have increased response rates and survival times. However, the agents can cause myelosuppression, which, if not managed effectively, can be life threatening and interfere with optimal therapy and quality of life. The International Myeloma Foundation's Nurse Leadership Board developed a consensus statement that includes toxicity grading, strategies for monitoring and managing myelosuppression associated with novel therapies, and educational recommendations for patients and their caregivers. Although anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia are expected side effects of novel therapies for multiple myeloma, they are manageable with appropriate interventions and education.
多发性骨髓瘤的新型疗法包括免疫调节药物来那度胺和沙利度胺以及蛋白酶体抑制剂硼替佐米，这些药物提高了缓解率并延长了生存期。然而，这些药物可导致骨髓抑制，如果管理不当，可能危及生命，并干扰最佳治疗及生活质量。国际骨髓瘤基金会护士领导委员会制定了一项共识声明，其中包括毒性分级、监测和管理与新型疗法相关的骨髓抑制的策略，以及针对患者及其护理人员的教育建议。虽然贫血、中性粒细胞减少和血小板减少是多发性骨髓瘤新型疗法的预期副作用，但通过适当的干预措施和教育，这些副作用是可控的。
