切入重点：母亲们为患有精神疾病且有暴力倾向的成年子女寻求帮助的经历。
Getting "to the point": the experience of mothers getting assistance for their adult children who are violent and mentally ill.
作者信息
Copeland Darcy Ann, Heilemann MarySue V
机构信息
School of Nursing, University of Portland, Oregon 97203, USA.
出版信息
Nurs Res. 2008 May-Jun;57(3):136-43. doi: 10.1097/01.NNR.0000319500.90240.d3.
BACKGROUND
If individuals with mental illness become violent, mothers are most often victims, yet there is little available research addressing how, when, and from whom mothers seek help for themselves or their children when they become victims of this form of familial violence.
OBJECTIVES
To describe how mothers understood violence their adult children with mental illness exhibited toward them and to articulate the process mothers used to get assistance and access mental health treatment when this violence occurred.
METHOD
: Grounded theory methods were used to explore and analyze mothers' experiences of violence perpetrated by their adult children with mental illness. Eight mothers of adult children who are violent with a diagnosed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I disorder participated in one to two open-ended interviews. Mothers were of diverse ethnic backgrounds.
RESULTS
Getting immediate assistance involved a period of living on high alert, during which mothers waited in frustration for their children to meet criteria for involuntary hospitalization. This was a chaotic and fearful period. Fear and uncertainty eventually outweighed mothers' abilities to manage their children's behavior, at which time they called the police or psychiatric evaluation teams who served as gatekeepers to mental health treatment. Mothers accepted the consequences of being responsible for their children's involuntary hospitalization or of being left home with their children if the gatekeepers did not initiate involuntary hospitalization.
DISCUSSION
Mothers can identify signs of decompensation in their children who are ill and recognize their need for hospitalization. They cannot, however, always access mental health treatment due to their children's refusal or failure to meet legal criteria for involuntary hospitalization. Mothers' inability to intervene early sometimes results in their own violent victimization.
背景
如果患有精神疾病的人变得暴力，母亲往往是最常见的受害者，然而，关于母亲在成为这种家庭暴力的受害者时如何、何时以及向谁寻求帮助以保护自己或孩子，现有研究很少。
目的
描述母亲如何理解患有精神疾病的成年子女对她们表现出的暴力行为，并阐明当这种暴力发生时母亲寻求帮助和获得心理健康治疗的过程。
方法
采用扎根理论方法来探索和分析母亲们遭受患有精神疾病的成年子女暴力行为的经历。八位成年子女患有暴力行为且被诊断为《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》轴I障碍的母亲参加了一到两次开放式访谈。母亲们具有不同的种族背景。
结果
获得即时帮助包括一段高度警惕的生活时期，在此期间，母亲们沮丧地等待孩子符合非自愿住院的标准。这是一个混乱和恐惧的时期。恐惧和不确定性最终超过了母亲们管理孩子行为的能力，此时她们会报警或联系担任心理健康治疗守门人的精神科评估团队。如果守门人不启动非自愿住院程序，母亲们会接受对孩子非自愿住院负责的后果，或者接受与孩子留在家中的后果。
讨论
母亲们能够识别患病孩子病情恶化的迹象，并认识到他们需要住院治疗。然而，由于孩子拒绝或不符合非自愿住院的法律标准，她们并不总是能够获得心理健康治疗。母亲们无法早期干预有时会导致她们自己成为暴力受害者。
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