Borum R, Deane M W, Steadman H J, Morrissey J
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Behav Sci Law. 1998 Autumn;16(4):393-405. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0798(199823)16:4<393::aid-bsl317>3.0.co;2-4.
In this study, we sampled sworn police officers from three law enforcement agencies (n = 452), each of which had different system responses to mentally ill people in crisis. One department relies on field assistance from a mobile mental health crisis team, a second has a team of officers specially trained in crisis intervention and management of mentally ill people in crisis, and a third has a team of in-house social workers to assist in responding to calls. Calls involving mentally ill people in crisis appear to be frequent and are perceived by most of the officers to pose a significant problem for the department; however, most officers reported feeling well prepared to handle these calls. Generally, officers from the jurisdiction with a specialized team of officers rated their program as being highly effective in meeting the needs of mentally ill people in crisis, keeping mentally ill people out of jail, minimizing the amount of time officers spend on these calls, and maintaining community safety. Officers from departments relying on a mobile crisis unit (MCU) and on police-based social workers both rated their programs as being moderately effective on each of these dimensions except for minimizing officer time on these calls where the MCU had significantly lower ratings.
在本研究中，我们从三个执法机构抽取了宣誓就职的警察（n = 452），每个机构对处于危机中的精神疾病患者有不同的系统应对方式。一个部门依靠流动心理健康危机应对小组提供现场援助，第二个部门有一组经过专门培训、负责危机干预和管理处于危机中的精神疾病患者的警察，第三个部门有一组内部社会工作者协助应对报警电话。涉及处于危机中的精神疾病患者的报警电话似乎很频繁，大多数警察认为这给部门带来了重大问题；然而，大多数警察报告称感觉自己已做好充分准备来处理这些电话。总体而言，来自设有专门警察小组辖区的警察认为他们的项目在满足处于危机中的精神疾病患者需求、避免精神疾病患者入狱、尽量减少警察处理这些电话的时间以及维护社区安全方面非常有效。来自依靠流动危机应对小组（MCU）和依靠警察部门内部社会工作者的部门的警察，除了在尽量减少警察处理这些电话的时间方面（在这方面MCU的评分明显较低），在其他各个方面都认为他们的项目效果一般。
