Thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases are quite frequently associated. This is true especially when they share the same cause: autoimmune etiology. The hormones involved in this disorders are: insulin, glucagon, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). All of these affect the carbohydrate metabolism, so that the coexistence of thyroid dysfunction and diabetes may render the glycemic control more difficult to be preserved.