Paranasal sinus barotrauma in sports self-contained underwater breathing apparatus divers.

OBJECTIVE

TO evaluate potential pre-dive parameters in relation to paranasal sinus barotrauma in sports self-contained underwater breathing apparatus divers.

STUDY DESIGN

The pre-dive and follow-up records of 46 healthy sports self-contained underwater breathing apparatus divers were analysed.

METHODS

In the routine pre-dive examination of diving candidates with no symptoms of rhino-sinus disease, rhinoscopy, sinus radiography and nasal endoscopy indicated no signs of rhinitis and/or sinusitis. Any signs of paranasal sinus barotrauma were noted, and several parameters were evaluated in relation to occurrence of barotrauma.

RESULTS

Of the studied parameters, a history of sinusitis and of middle-ear barotrauma was significantly more frequent in divers in the barotrauma group (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

In divers undergoing a routine pre-dive examination, paranasal sinus barotrauma was not related to sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, decongestant use, mild nasal septal deviation, or inability to perform the Valsalva or Toynbee manoeuvres. However, divers with a history of sinusitis or middle-ear barotrauma may be more prone to paranasal sinus barotrauma. A more detailed pre-dive examination may be useful for such individuals.