Chang Mei-Wei, Nitzke Susan, Guilford Eileen, Adair Constance H, Hazard Diana L
Michigan State University College of Nursing, 515F West Fee Hall, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Jun;108(6):1023-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.03.004.
Low-income women who are overweight and obese are at high risk for long-term retention of weight gain during pregnancy, in part because they may have poor diets and inadequate physical activity, both of which may be exacerbated by stressful situations. This study identified motivators and barriers to healthful eating and physical activity among low-income overweight and obese non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white mothers. Qualitative data were collected via eight focus group interviews. Eighty low-income overweight and obese non-Hispanic black (n=41) and non-Hispanic white (n=39) mothers, age 18 to 35 years, were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children sites in six counties in Michigan. Personal appearance, fit in clothes, inability to play with their children, and social support were motivating factors for healthful eating and physical activity. Stressful experiences triggered emotional eating and reduced participants' ability to practice these behaviors. Other factors-for example, wanting quick weight-loss results-made it difficult for these mothers to follow recommended healthful lifestyle practices. Nutrition educators can address these concerns by including information about ways to deal with stress and emotional eating and emphasizing the benefits of healthful eating and physical activity in their program plans.
超重和肥胖的低收入女性在孕期长期保持体重增加的风险很高，部分原因是她们可能饮食不良且身体活动不足，而这两者在压力情境下可能会加剧。本研究确定了低收入超重和肥胖的非西班牙裔黑人和非西班牙裔白人母亲在健康饮食和身体活动方面的动机和障碍。通过八次焦点小组访谈收集了定性数据。从密歇根州六个县的妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养项目站点招募了80名年龄在18至35岁之间的低收入超重和肥胖的非西班牙裔黑人（n = 41）和非西班牙裔白人（n = 39）母亲。个人外表、衣服合身程度、无法与孩子玩耍以及社会支持是健康饮食和身体活动的激励因素。压力经历引发了情绪化进食，并降低了参与者践行这些行为的能力。其他因素，例如希望快速减重，使得这些母亲难以遵循推荐的健康生活方式。营养教育工作者可以在项目计划中纳入应对压力和情绪化进食的方法信息，并强调健康饮食和身体活动的益处，以此来解决这些问题。
