Chang Mei-Wei, Nitzke Susan, Buist Diana, Cain Deborah, Horning Stefanie, Eghtedary Kobra
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, 1355 Bogue Street, RM C346, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA,
Matern Child Health J. 2015 May;19(5):1060-70. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1605-x.
This study was conducted to identify factors that influenced stress, healthy eating and physical activity among low-income overweight or obese pregnant women. We conducted seven focus groups with 96 low-income overweight and obese pregnant women. Common themes were identified from audio tapes and transcripts. Women said that poor communication affected their relationships with spouses or significant others. They were frustrated or upset with significant others for three key reasons: failure to understand or listen to the pregnant women's pregnancy concerns, refusal to be helpful when asked and being overly concerned with the woman's safety. Most women said that they were emotional and took naps throughout the day after becoming pregnant. Many withdrew from their social interactions. They also faced numerous challenges that made healthy eating more difficult, e.g., craving for unhealthy foods and eating foods for comfort. To eat healthier, some reminded themselves to avoid overeating or stop eating in the car. Women were not physically active because of tiredness, lack of motivation, inadequate social support, or bad weather. Some stayed physically active to prevent excessive pregnancy weight gain and have an easier labor. Women equivocally said weighing themselves to manage weight would add to their stress and make them feel more depressed. When designing interventions to help low-income overweight and obese pregnant women avoid excessive pregnancy weight gain, it is important to include information and practical advice on stress management, emphasizing effective communication skills with significant others and helping them plan effective ways to manage negative feelings.
本研究旨在确定影响低收入超重或肥胖孕妇压力、健康饮食和身体活动的因素。我们对96名低收入超重和肥胖孕妇进行了7次焦点小组访谈。从录音带和文字记录中确定了共同主题。女性表示,沟通不畅影响了她们与配偶或重要他人的关系。她们因三个关键原因对重要他人感到沮丧或心烦意乱:未能理解或倾听孕妇对怀孕的担忧、被要求时拒绝提供帮助以及过度担心女性的安全。大多数女性表示,怀孕后她们情绪波动大,整天都要午睡。许多人减少了社交互动。她们还面临诸多挑战,使得健康饮食变得更加困难,例如,渴望不健康食品以及为了寻求安慰而进食。为了吃得更健康,一些人提醒自己避免暴饮暴食或不在车里吃东西。女性由于疲劳、缺乏动力、社会支持不足或天气不好而缺乏身体活动。一些人保持身体活动以防止孕期体重过度增加并使分娩更顺利。女性含糊地表示,称体重来控制体重会增加她们的压力,让她们感觉更沮丧。在设计干预措施以帮助低收入超重和肥胖孕妇避免孕期体重过度增加时,纳入关于压力管理的信息和实用建议非常重要,强调与重要他人的有效沟通技巧,并帮助她们规划管理负面情绪的有效方法。