Kim David H, Pickhardt Perry J, Taylor Andrew J, Menias Christine O
Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2008 Jul-Aug;37(4):165-77. doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2007.10.004.
Optical colonoscopy (OC) is an essential component of colorectal cancer screening. In addition to favorable polyp detection capabilities, OC has a unique therapeutic role with the ability to remove identified polyps. However, this procedure carries a low but real risk for morbidity and mortality. OC requires physical intubation of the length of the colon and manipulation of the instrument. In addition, the performance of therapeutic polyp removal increases risk. Inherent to this procedure are several pathways for potential adverse events. Complications can be divided into several major categories including perforation, hemorrhage, postpolypectomy syndromes, and issues related to sedation. The imaging manifestations of complications related to optical colonoscopy as well as the potential underlying mechanisms will be reviewed. Emphasis will be placed on cross-sectional imaging given the improved sensitivity and specificity over conventional radiography.
光学结肠镜检查（OC）是结直肠癌筛查的重要组成部分。除了具有良好的息肉检测能力外，OC还具有独特的治疗作用，能够切除已发现的息肉。然而，该检查存在较低但实际的发病和死亡风险。OC需要对结肠全长进行物理插管并操作仪器。此外，进行治疗性息肉切除会增加风险。此检查过程中存在多种潜在不良事件的途径。并发症可分为几大类，包括穿孔、出血、息肉切除术后综合征以及与镇静相关的问题。将对与光学结肠镜检查相关并发症的影像学表现及其潜在的发病机制进行综述。鉴于相对于传统放射学检查提高的敏感性和特异性，将重点介绍横断面成像。
