Hammill Robert R, Beazell James R, Hart Joseph M
Health and Exercise Science, Bridgewater College, 402 East College Street, Box 166, Bridgewater, VA 22812, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2008 Jul;27(3):449-62, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2008.02.005.
Recurring episodes of low back pain present a dilemma for patients and clinicians. Patients who experience disability caused by repeated low back pain episodes are limited in their activities of daily living and may experience inappropriate neuromuscular adaptations to maintain and/or preserve function. Unfortunately, it is likely that these changes create an environment where lower extremity and spine joints are exposed to unusual and possibly excessive forces while attenuating impact from walking, running, or other activities. Individuals who want to maintain a healthy lifestyle may be restricted because of recurring and disabling nonspecific low back pain. Individuals who must continue with normal and necessary activities of daily living may choose an adaptive mechanism to preserve functional gait. Some individuals may use an adaptive strategy that is unfavorable, possibly exposing muscles and joints to further injury or long-term degenerative processes.
复发性腰痛给患者和临床医生带来了两难困境。因反复出现的腰痛发作而导致残疾的患者，其日常生活活动受到限制，可能会出现不适当的神经肌肉适应性变化以维持和/或保留功能。不幸的是，这些变化很可能营造了一种环境，即下肢和脊柱关节在减弱行走、跑步或其他活动产生的冲击的同时，却暴露于异常且可能过度的力量之下。想要保持健康生活方式的个体可能会因复发性且致残的非特异性腰痛而受到限制。必须继续进行正常且必要的日常生活活动的个体可能会选择一种适应性机制来维持功能性步态。一些个体可能会采用一种不利的适应性策略，这可能会使肌肉和关节遭受进一步损伤或长期退行性病变。
