Innis B L, Snitbhan R, Hoke C H, Munindhorn W, Laorakpongse T
Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok.
J Infect Dis. 1991 May;163(5):989-95. doi: 10.1093/infdis/163.5.989.
Hepatitis A antibody was almost universal among Thai children 10-15 years ago. To assess whether transmission of hepatitis A among Thai children had declined, contemporary antibody prevalence and seroconversion rates were determined. Antibody prevalence in 1987-1988 among children in Bangkok declined since 1977 for all ages studied, most markedly among young children. Among 453 low-income urban schoolchildren, there were no seroconversions over a 10- to 12-month period (95% confidence interval [CI] for incidence, 0-0.8%). Antibody prevalence among rural children also declined between 1985 and 1989, though rates were higher than those in Bangkok. Antibody prevalence differed by community. The annual rural infection rate was 1.1% (CI, 0.8%-1.6%). The pattern of rural hepatitis A transmission was focal. Increased numbers of susceptible children in Thailand, where hepatitis A virus still circulates, sets the stage for rising rates of symptomatic disease in adults.
10至15年前，甲型肝炎抗体在泰国儿童中几乎普遍存在。为评估泰国儿童中甲肝传播是否减少，测定了当代抗体流行率和血清转化率。1987 - 1988年曼谷各年龄段儿童的抗体流行率自1977年以来均有所下降，幼儿中下降最为明显。在453名低收入城市学童中，10至12个月期间无血清转化情况（发病率的95%置信区间[CI]为0 - 0.8%）。1985年至1989年期间农村儿童的抗体流行率也有所下降，不过其流行率高于曼谷地区。抗体流行率因社区而异。农村地区的年感染率为1.1%（CI，0.8% - 1.6%）。泰国农村地区甲型肝炎的传播模式呈聚集性。在甲型肝炎病毒仍在传播的泰国，易感儿童数量增加，为成人症状性疾病发病率上升埋下了隐患。
