Akyürek Elkan G, Toffanin Paolo, Hommel Bernhard
Department of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2008 Jun;34(3):569-77. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.34.3.569.
Identifying 2 target stimuli in a rapid stream of visual symbols is much easier if the 2nd target appears immediately after the 1st target (i.e., at Lag 1) than if distractor stimuli intervene. As this phenomenon comes with a strong tendency to confuse the order of the targets, it seems to be due to the integration of both targets into the same attentional episode or object file. The authors investigated the degree to which people can control the temporal extension of their (episodic) integration windows by manipulating the expectations participants had with regard to the time available for target processing. As predicted, expecting more time to process increased the number of order confusions at Lag 1. This was true for between-subjects and within-subjects (trial-to-trial) manipulations, suggesting that integration windows can be adapted actively and rather quickly.
如果第二个目标紧跟在第一个目标之后出现（即间隔为1），那么在快速的视觉符号流中识别两个目标刺激要比在有干扰刺激介入的情况下容易得多。由于这种现象很容易混淆目标的顺序，这似乎是因为两个目标被整合到了同一个注意事件或客体文件中。作者通过操纵参与者对目标处理可用时间的预期，研究了人们能够在多大程度上控制其（情景性）整合窗口的时间延长。正如所预测的那样，预期有更多时间进行处理会增加间隔为1时的顺序混淆次数。这在组间和组内（逐次试验）操纵中都是如此，表明整合窗口可以被主动且相当快速地调整。
